In an automobile, the spindle is a part of the suspension system that carries the hub for the wheel and attaches to the upper and lower control arms. The spindle is referred to as an Upright in UK-built vehicles and in areas dominated by these cars like Australia, New Zealand etc.
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There are several considerations when designing an upright. Loads and forces need to be considered. Vertical and horizontal forces greater than those due to 5 times the acceleration of gravity, that is, over about 50 meters per second per second, are sometimes considered desirable.
The main forces on a non-driven wheel are braking and turning forces.
The forces on a driven wheel include forward and reverse propulsion as well as the braking and turning forces.